RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SARCOPENIA AND OSTEOPOROSIS IN NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology and Metabolism
• Bone and Muscle Biology

Background:

• Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is linked to metabolic syndrome components like obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and dysglycemia.
• Sarcopenia (muscle loss) and osteopenia/osteoporosis (bone density loss) are increasingly recognized in NAFLD patients.
• Interactions between bone, muscle, and adipose tissue involve complex signaling pathways affecting inflammation and fibrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the scientific literature on the interplay between bone, muscle, and adipose tissue in NAFLD.
• To elucidate the pathogenetic links between sarcopenia, osteoporosis, and NAFLD.
• To review prevention and treatment strategies for sarcopenia and osteoporosis in the context of NAFLD.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and analysis of scientific studies.
• Examination of signaling pathways involving osteokines, myokines, and cytokines.
• Correlation analysis between metabolic syndrome components and bone mineral density.

Main Results:

• Established a pathogenetic link between sarcopenia, osteoporosis, and NAFLD.
• Demonstrated that abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and dysglycemia are associated with osteoporosis.
• Highlighted that fatty infiltration of muscles contributes to insulin resistance and NAFLD progression.
• Showed that oxidative stress and chronic inflammation exacerbate muscle atrophy and liver fibrosis.

Conclusions:

• Dynamic resistance exercises and nutritional therapy show promise for elderly patients with osteosarcopenia, improving metabolic, nervous, and cardiovascular health.
• Direct relationships exist between adipose/muscle tissue and bone mineral density.
• Exercise interventions can significantly reduce bone and muscle mass loss.