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Certified Randomness from Untrusted Sources and Uncharacterized Measurements
Xing Lin1,2,3, Rong Wang1,4,2,3, Shuang Wang1,2,3
1CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Physical Review Letters
|August 12, 2022
Summary
This study introduces a new quantum random number generation protocol that works without assumptions on the quantum source. It achieves high-speed, secure random number generation even against general quantum attacks.
Area of Science:
- Quantum Information Science
- Cryptography
- Quantum Computing
Background:
- True random number generation is crucial for scientific applications.
- Quantum mechanics offers a path to genuine randomness, surpassing pseudorandom methods.
- Existing secure random number generation often relies on idealized device models that don't reflect real-world imperfections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose and experimentally validate a quantum random number generation protocol.
- To address the limitations of perfect device models in information-theoretical security.
- To achieve secure random number generation with minimal assumptions about the quantum source.
Main Methods:
- Developed a novel quantum random number generation protocol.
- Experimental demonstration of the proposed protocol.
- Employed a trusted two-dimensional measurement model without requiring detailed characterization.
- Considered the most general quantum attacks and general quantum sources.
Main Results:
- Achieved a randomness generation rate exceeding 1 Mbps.
- Demonstrated universal composable security with a parameter of 10^{-10}.
- Successfully generated true random numbers under realistic device conditions.
Conclusions:
- The proposed protocol enables secure quantum random number generation without source assumptions.
- The experimental results validate the protocol's effectiveness and security.
- This work bridges the gap between theoretical security and practical implementation in quantum random number generation.
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