Nodules on the Anterior Neck Following Poly-L-lactic Acid Injection

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Dermatology
• Plastic Surgery

Background:

• Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is a synthetic polymer used for soft-tissue augmentation.
• Common adverse events associated with PLLA injections are typically transient.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the adverse events associated with Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) injections.
• To highlight persistent adverse events and risks associated with off-label anterior neck PLLA injections.

Main Methods:

• Review of literature on PLLA injections and associated adverse events.
• Analysis of common and persistent adverse events, including nodule formation.

Main Results:

• Most common adverse events include transient swelling, tenderness, pain, bruising, and bleeding.
• Persistent adverse events are primarily papule and nodule formation.
• Off-label anterior neck PLLA injections may increase the incidence of nodule formation.

Conclusions:

• PLLA is generally safe for soft-tissue augmentation with manageable side effects.
• Awareness of persistent adverse events, especially nodules, is crucial.
• Caution is advised for off-label anterior neck PLLA injections due to potential increased risks.