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Hexachlorobenzene in human milk: a polyhalogenated risk.

E Weisenberg

    IARC Scientific Publications
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is prevalent in human milk fat, with 99% of samples containing it. This persistent environmental contaminant poses long-term health risks, especially to infants, necessitating further toxicological studies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Science
    • Toxicology
    • Human Health

    Background:

    • Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is a persistent polyhalogenated aromatic compound known for its lipophilicity and resistance to metabolism.
    • HCB bioaccumulates in human adipose tissue via the lymphatic system, posing long-term health risks.
    • Human milk fat is a critical exposure route for infants to persistent environmental contaminants like HCB.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess human exposure to Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) by measuring its concentration in human milk fat.
    • To compare HCB levels in human milk with international surveys.
    • To explore the correlation between HCB and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) due to similar toxicological profiles.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of 100 individual human milk samples for Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) concentration.
    • Quantification of HCB levels on a fat basis.
    • Comparative analysis with international HCB exposure data and correlation with PCB levels.

    Main Results:

    • Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) was detected in 99% of the 100 human milk samples analyzed.
    • The mean HCB concentration was 0.08 ppm (range 0.01-0.70 ppm) on a fat basis.
    • Elevated HCB levels (>0.2 ppm) were found in two samples, with 11% falling between 0.1-0.2 ppm.

    Conclusions:

    • Human milk represents a significant reservoir for Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), indicating widespread population exposure.
    • The persistence of HCB in the body and its transfer to infants via lactation warrant further investigation into potential synergistic effects with other contaminants.
    • Additional research on the long-term toxicological impacts of polyhalogenated compounds in human milk is crucial for infant health risk assessment.

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