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The study reveals how D-mannitol undergoes a liquid-liquid transition, distinguishing between nucleation-growth and spinodal decomposition mechanisms. Classical nucleation theory accurately describes the nucleation-growth pathway in this supercooled liquid.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Thermodynamics

Background:

  • Understanding liquid-liquid transitions (LLT) is crucial for materials science.
  • D-mannitol, a single-component liquid, serves as a model system for studying LLT.
  • Previous studies have explored LLT in various systems, but detailed kinetic analysis remains important.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the kinetics of the first-order liquid-liquid transition in D-mannitol.
  • To differentiate between nucleation-growth and spinodal decomposition mechanisms in LLT.
  • To assess the applicability of classical nucleation theory to the observed LLT.

Main Methods:

  • High-rate flash differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was employed.
  • Annealing temperature was controlled to influence phase formation.
  • Time-temperature-transformation (TTT) curves were generated and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The study successfully distinguished between nucleation-growth and spinodal decomposition types of LLT in D-mannitol.
  • The nucleation-growth portion of the TTT curve showed good agreement with classical nucleation theory.
  • Kinetic parameters of the LLT were determined.

Conclusions:

  • The liquid-liquid transition in D-mannitol can proceed via distinct mechanisms.
  • Classical nucleation theory provides a valid framework for describing the nucleation-growth LLT pathway.
  • This research contributes to a deeper understanding of phase transitions in supercooled liquids.