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Updated: Aug 31, 2025
Using Extraordinary Optical Transmission to Quantify Cardiac Biomarkers in Human Serum
Published on: December 13, 2017
Cardiovascular biomarkers in body fluids: progress and prospects in optical sensors
Reena V John1, Tom Devasiya2, Nidheesh V R1
1Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India 576104.
Insights
Early detection of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is vital for effective treatment. This review explores advanced biomarker research and novel diagnostic techniques for improved CVD patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Analytical Chemistry
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of mortality globally.
- Biomarker detection is critical for early diagnosis and successful therapy of CVD and cancers.
- Current research focuses on novel biomarkers for improved sensitivity and specificity in CVD diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current progress and future prospects in biomarker research for cardiovascular disease diagnosis.
- To highlight the importance of rapid medical intervention enabled by fast CVD diagnosis.
- To discuss advanced analytical techniques for identifying multiple CVD biomarkers.
Main Methods:
- Exploration of proteomics, bio-sensing, micro-fluidics, and spectroscopic techniques.
- Analysis of clinical samples (whole blood, blood serum, body fluids).
- Application of optical methods, nanotechnology, and micro-fluidic technologies for multi-marker analysis.
Main Results:
- The review synthesizes current advancements in CVD biomarker research.
- It emphasizes the shift towards multi-marker signatures over single biomarkers.
- Progress in sensitive and specific detection methods is highlighted.
Conclusions:
- Novel biomarkers and advanced detection technologies are crucial for early CVD diagnosis.
- Integrated approaches using nanotechnology and micro-fluidics show promise for comprehensive CVD profiling.
- Improved diagnostic strategies can significantly reduce CVD mortality and morbidity.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the major causative factors for high mortality and morbidity in developing and developed nations. The biomarker detection plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis of several non-infectious and life-threatening diseases like CVD and many cancers, which in turn will help in more successful therapy, reducing the mortality rate. Biomarkers have diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic significances. The search for novel biomarkers using proteomics, bio-sensing, micro-fluidics, and spectroscopic techniques with good sensitivity and specificity for CVD is progressing rapidly at present, in addition to the use of gold standard biomarkers like troponin. This review is dealing with the current progress and prospects in biomarker research for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Expert opinion. Fast diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) can help to provide rapid medical intervention, which can affect the patient's short and long-term health. Identification and detection of proper biomarkers for early diagnosis are crucial for successful therapy and prognosis of CVDs. The present review discusses the analysis of clinical samples such as whole blood, blood serum, and other body fluids using techniques like high-performance liquid chromatography-LASER/LED-induced fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, mainly, optical methods, combined with nanotechnology and micro-fluidic technologies, to probe patterns of multiple markers (marker signatures) as compared to conventional techniques.
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