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Related Concept Videos

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

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The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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h-BN Modification Using Several Hydroxylation and Grafting Methods and Their Incorporation into a PMMA/PA6 Polymer

Abdelwahab Boukheit1, France Chabert2, Belkacem Otazaghine1

  • 1Polymers Composites and Hybrids (PCH), IMT Mines Ales, 30319 Ales, France.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) was modified to improve its compatibility with polymer blends. Grafting PMMA chains onto h-BN successfully localized the particles at the PMMA/PA6 interface.

Keywords:
boron nitrideco-continuous morphologypolymer nanocompositesselective localizationsilane graftingsurface modification

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is recognized for its excellent thermal and electrical properties.
  • Polymer blends like PMMA/PA6 offer versatile material characteristics but can face challenges with filler dispersion.
  • Improving filler-polymer interactions is crucial for developing advanced polymer nanocomposites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the modification of h-BN particles to enhance their dispersion and localization within a PMMA/PA6 polymer blend.
  • To evaluate different hydroxylation and grafting strategies for h-BN functionalization.
  • To characterize the resulting polymer blend nanocomposites and understand filler distribution.

Main Methods:

  • h-BN particles were hydroxylated via calcination, acidic treatment, or ball milling with gallic acid.
  • Hydroxylated h-BN was functionalized using silane agents with octadecyl, propyl amine, polystyrene, or PMMA groups.
  • Characterization involved FTIR, TGA, Py-GC/MS, sedimentation tests, light scattering, granulometry, SEM, and surface tension measurements.

Main Results:

  • Successful hydroxylation and grafting of h-BN particles were confirmed using various analytical techniques.
  • Surface modification strategies were assessed for their impact on particle size and dispersion.
  • h-BN modified with PMMA chains (Si-PMMA) was effectively localized at the PMMA/PA6 interface within the blend.

Conclusions:

  • The surface modification of h-BN, particularly through grafting PMMA chains, is effective in controlling its localization in polymer blends.
  • The developed method allows for targeted dispersion of h-BN at the interface of PMMA/PA6 blends.
  • This approach holds potential for creating advanced polymer nanocomposites with tailored properties.