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Cancer Immunotherapy and Delivery System: An Update
Ming Yang1,2, Olamide Tosin Olaoba1,3, Chunye Zhang4
1Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
Pharmaceutics
|August 26, 2022
Summary
Cancer immunotherapies show promise but face limitations. Delivery systems using nanoparticles and scaffolds can enhance treatment efficacy and reduce side effects for various cancers.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Cancer immunotherapy leverages the immune system to fight cancer, employing strategies like immune checkpoint blockade and engineered cell therapies.
- Despite successes, challenges such as tumor microenvironment suppression, cancer cell heterogeneity, and off-target effects limit current immunotherapy efficacy.
- Existing treatments like CAR T-cell therapy are more effective against hematologic malignancies than solid tumors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current cancer immunotherapies and their limitations.
- To explore the role of advanced delivery systems in enhancing immunotherapy efficacy and minimizing side effects.
- To discuss the future prospects and clinical applications of these delivery systems in cancer treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing cancer immunotherapies.
- Synopsis of delivery systems including nanoparticles, hydrogels, and scaffolds.
- Analysis of challenges, frontiers, and clinical trial applications.
Main Results:
- Common immunotherapies include immune checkpoint blockade, cell therapies, cytokine therapy, vaccines, and oncolytic virotherapy, each with specific limitations.
- Delivery systems like nanoparticles, hydrogels, and scaffolds show potential to improve targeted delivery, enhance efficacy, and reduce side effects of immunotherapies.
- The review highlights the progress and potential of these delivery systems in overcoming current therapeutic hurdles.
Conclusions:
- Delivery systems are crucial for optimizing cancer immunotherapy by improving targeted delivery and reducing adverse effects.
- Further research and development in delivery systems are needed to fully realize their potential in treating a broader range of cancers, including solid tumors.
- Clinical translation of these advanced delivery systems holds significant promise for future cancer treatment strategies.
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