Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

194
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
194
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

6.4K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
6.4K
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

1.8K
Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
1.8K
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

704
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
704
Prosopagnosia01:24

Prosopagnosia

240
Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
240
Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

124
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
124

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Challenge of Strabismus Surgery for Patients with Hemianopic Visual Field Defects Associated with Ocular Deviations.

Journal of binocular vision and ocular motility·2024
Same author

Predictors and efficacy of surgical treatment for consecutive exotropia.

Strabismus·2023
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 30, 2025

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
09:03

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism

Published on: March 27, 2012

45.7K

Ophthalmologic Manifestations in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Carlota Gutiérrez1, Jorge Luis Marquez Santoni1, Pilar Merino1

  • 1Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Department of Ophthalmology, Madrid, Spain.

Turkish Journal of Ophthalmology
|August 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients frequently exhibit ophthalmologic issues, primarily refractive errors and eye movement disorders. Early eye exams are crucial for individuals with ASD.

Keywords:
Autism spectrum disorderamblyopiaoptic nerve hypoplasiarefractive errorsstrabismus

More Related Videos

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
05:32

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

Published on: December 7, 2018

9.0K
Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome
08:31

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

Published on: July 31, 2016

13.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 30, 2025

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
09:03

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism

Published on: March 27, 2012

45.7K
Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
05:32

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

Published on: December 7, 2018

9.0K
Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome
08:31

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

Published on: July 31, 2016

13.5K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition.
  • Ophthalmologic manifestations are reported with varying frequencies in individuals with ASD.
  • Understanding these manifestations is key for comprehensive patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document the spectrum of ophthalmologic findings in patients diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
  • To determine the prevalence of specific ophthalmologic conditions across different ASD classifications.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study involving 344 patients with ASD over 8.5 years.
  • Patients were categorized into autism, Asperger syndrome, PDD-NOS, and other subgroups.
  • Statistical analyses included chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests for group comparisons.

Main Results:

  • Refractive errors (hyperopia, astigmatism, myopia) were present in 48.4% of patients, with myopia more common in Asperger syndrome.
  • Strabismus affected 15.4% of patients, notably higher in autism and 'other' groups; exotropia was most frequent.
  • Binocular sensory test results were significantly better in Asperger syndrome patients; optic nerve abnormalities occurred in 4%.

Conclusions:

  • Ophthalmologic conditions are more prevalent in ASD patients than in the general child population.
  • Refractive defects and ocular motility disorders are the most common findings.
  • Routine ophthalmologic evaluations are recommended for all individuals with ASD.