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The sequence of removing or doffing PPE starts with the gloves, as they are the most contaminated. Next is removal of the face shield or goggles, as they would interfere with removing other PPE. Then remove the gown, followed by the mask or respirator. Perform hand hygiene between steps if hands become contaminated and immediately after removing all PPE. Generally, the outside front and sleeves of the isolation gown, the goggles or the mask, the respirator, and the face shield are contaminated.
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PPE Use in Healthcare Settings I: Donning01:22

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Donning PPE must be completed before contact with the patient. This process protects from infectious agents. The sequence and action included in each donning are critical, and the steps must be systematic to avoid exposure to pathogens. The institutional policy also needs to be followed while donning PPE. The pre-donning preparations are gathering equipment, inspecting the PPE equipment for tears, holes, or damage, removing jewelry, removing any garments below the elbows, and tying the hair...
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Methods of Sterilization II: Chemical Methods01:30

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In healthcare, the chemical method of sterilization uses chemical sterilants to treat surgical instruments and medical supplies to help prevent the transmission of infectious pathogens to patients. Due to heat sensitivity, most medical supplies and equipment should not be exposed to high temperatures. These parts include rubber, plastic, glass, and other similar elements.
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The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
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Personal protective equipment (PPE) is unique clothing or equipment worn by an employee to minimize or prevent exposure to infectious agents. PPE creates a barrier between the employee and the infectious materials. PPE must be readily available in the patient care area. PPE includes gloves, gowns and aprons, masks and respirators, goggles, face shields, shoes, and headcovers:
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Hydrogen Peroxide Methods for Decontaminating N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators.

David Rempel1, John Henneman2, James Agalloco3

  • 1Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.

Applied Biosafety : Journal of the American Biological Safety Association
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Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can decontaminate N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) during shortages. While many H2O2 methods inactivate viruses without harming respirator function, some may compromise filtration efficiency or fit.

Keywords:
FFRN95SARS-CoV-2decontaminationpersonal protective equipmentrespirator

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Occupational health and safety
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Limited supply of N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) during pandemics necessitates decontamination methods.
  • Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a common decontaminant in healthcare settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review literature on H2O2 decontamination of N95 FFRs.
  • To identify methods that effectively inactivate viruses while preserving respirator function.
  • To present current U.S. Federal guidelines relevant to FFR decontamination.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search for studies evaluating H2O2 decontamination of N95 FFRs.
  • Analysis of effects on viral inactivation, filtration efficiency, and respirator fit.
  • Inclusion of relevant U.S. Federal guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-four laboratory studies were summarized.
  • H2O2 decontamination systems vary in delivery, temperature, and duration, impacting FFR performance.
  • Some methods achieved >3 log attenuation of SARS-CoV-2, while others require further evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • Most H2O2 methods effectively decontaminate N95 FFRs without compromising function.
  • Certain methods can adversely affect N95 FFR fit or filtration efficiency, potentially undetected by users.
  • Understanding method variations, FFR model differences, and decontamination process hazards is crucial for safe respirator reuse.