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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Bonding in Metals02:32

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Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
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Indirect Fabrication of Lattice Metals with Thin Sections Using Centrifugal Casting
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Shaping a Soft Future: Patterning Liquid Metals.

Jinwoo Ma1, Febby Krisnadi1, Man Hou Vong1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|August 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores patterning techniques for liquid metals like eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn). These methods leverage fluidity and oxide shells for creating advanced metallic conductors in flexible electronics and soft robotics.

Keywords:
compositesliquid metalpatterningsoft electronicsstretchable electronics

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Liquid metals, particularly eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn), possess unique fluidic and surface properties.
  • Traditional solid metals face limitations in forming complex, non-spherical structures due to surface tension.
  • The native oxide shell on liquid metals enables adhesion and shaping.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and highlight novel patterning techniques for liquid metals.
  • To explore the application of these techniques in creating advanced electronic and robotic components.
  • To discuss the unique properties of liquid metals that facilitate these patterning methods.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on liquid metal patterning.
  • Analysis of techniques leveraging metal fluidity for dispensing (injection, spraying).
  • Exploration of methods utilizing the oxide shell for adhesion and shaping.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of techniques to pattern liquid metals into wires, antennas, and electrodes.
  • Successful fabrication of fluidic metallic conductors.
  • Enablement of non-spherical structures previously unattainable with solid metals.

Conclusions:

  • Patterning techniques unlock the potential of liquid metals for novel applications.
  • Liquid metals are promising for stretchable electronics, soft robotics, e-skins, and wearables.
  • The unique properties of liquid metals enable the creation of advanced, adaptable conductive materials.