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Evolving aprotic Li-air batteries.

Zhenzhen Wu1, Yuhui Tian1, Hao Chen1

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Lithium-air batteries offer high energy density and eco-friendly potential. This review details their 25-year evolution, focusing on electrode and electrolyte advancements for future development.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Lithium-air batteries (LABs) proposed in 1996 offer high theoretical specific energy and eco-friendly advantages.
  • Early research (pre-2010) focused on air cathodes and carbonate electrolytes, facing challenges in materials and fundamental chemistry.
  • LAB development has progressed through distinct germination and growing periods, marked by significant breakthroughs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the 25-year evolution of lithium-air battery technology.
  • To illustrate the development of design, fabrication, modification, and optimization strategies for LABs.
  • To provide perspectives and strategies for future LAB and metal-air battery advancements.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of lithium-air battery research from 1996 to present.
  • Analysis of historical trends in electrode and electrolyte development.
  • Synthesis of emerging design, fabrication, modification, and optimization strategies.

Main Results:

  • LAB development has progressed from initial concepts to systematic electrode and electrolyte investigations.
  • Significant breakthroughs and retrospective steps characterize the field's evolution over 25 years.
  • Advancements in electrode materials and electrolyte components have been crucial for progress.

Conclusions:

  • Future LAB development requires continued focus on critical electrode materials and a deeper understanding of battery chemistry.
  • Systematic design, fabrication, and modification strategies are essential for optimizing LAB performance.
  • The review offers insights into future research directions for LABs and other metal-air batteries.