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A report on second neo-plasms in seven children with solid tumors
Annali Italiani Di Chirurgia
|September 2, 2022
Summary
The incidence of second malignant neoplasms in children with solid tumors is low but linked to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Alkylating agents, topoisomerase II inhibitors, platinum drugs, and radiation increase risk, as do chromosomal abnormalities.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Cancer Research
- Clinical Genetics
Background:
- Second malignant neoplasms (SMNs) are a concern in pediatric cancer survivors.
- Understanding risk factors for SMNs after treating solid tumors is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the characteristics of SMNs in children treated for solid tumors.
- To identify high-risk factors associated with SMN development post-chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of clinical data from seven pediatric patients with solid tumors who developed SMNs.
- Detailed review of chemotherapy drug doses and radiotherapy exposure.
- Assessment of chromosomal abnormalities in affected children.
Main Results:
- Seven cases of SMNs were identified, including leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and myeloid sarcoma.
- Commonly used chemotherapy agents included cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, etoposide, anthracyclines, vincristine, and cisplatin.
- Four out of seven children had chromosomal abnormalities.
- The median time to SMN diagnosis was 38 months after the initial tumor remission.
Conclusions:
- The incidence of SMNs in this cohort was not high.
- Key risk factors include exposure to alkylating agents, topoisomerase II inhibitors, platinum-based chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.
- Chromosomal abnormalities are associated with SMN development in these children.
