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Rational design and structural engineering of heterogeneous single-atom nanozyme for biosensing
Ying Wang1, Ruolan Du1, Lawrence Yoon Suk Lee2
1Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|September 4, 2022
Summary
Single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) offer enhanced enzyme-like activity and specificity, addressing challenges in nanomaterial design. This review explores their mechanisms, design, and applications as next-generation biocatalysts.
Area of Science:
- Nanomaterials science
- Catalysis
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Nanozymes offer enzyme-like properties but face challenges due to inhomogeneous configurations.
- Single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) present a solution with well-defined active sites.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of SAzymes, including their discoveries, advantages, and classifications.
- To discuss the reaction mechanisms, design principles, and biosensing applications of typical SAzymes.
- To highlight rational design strategies and atomic-scale catalytic mechanism investigations.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on SAzymes.
- Analysis of structure-activity relationships in SAzymes.
- Discussion of design strategies for targeted reactions and catalytic mechanisms.
Main Results:
- SAzymes exhibit remarkable enzyme-like activity and specificity due to their single-atomic active sites.
- Well-defined coordination microenvironments in SAzymes facilitate the study of structure-activity relationships.
- Rational design enables targeted reactions and atomic-level understanding of catalytic processes.
Conclusions:
- SAzymes represent a significant advancement over traditional nanozymes.
- Further research into SAzymes is crucial for unlocking their full potential in biocatalysis and biosensing.
- SAzymes are poised to become the next generation of nanozymes.
