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Neurological and psychological effects of long COVID in a young population: A cross-sectional study

Cristiana Alessia Guido1,2, Fabio Lucidi2, Fabio Midulla1

  • 1Department of Maternal Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Frontiers in Neurology
|September 5, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Long COVID in children presents persistent neurological symptoms like headaches and fatigue, alongside emerging psychological issues such as anxiety and post-traumatic stress, impacting their quality of life.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology

Background:

  • COVID-19 can lead to persistent symptoms in children, known as long COVID.
  • Neurological and psychological sequelae require further investigation in pediatric populations.
  • Understanding long-term effects is crucial for effective pediatric care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the long-term clinical status of pediatric patients post-COVID-19.
  • To identify the prevalence and nature of neurological and psychological symptoms in children 3-5 months after infection.
  • To assess the impact of these symptoms on adaptive functioning.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 322 pediatric patients (1.5-17 years) with confirmed COVID-19.
  • Monitored neurological symptoms at onset, 1 month, and 3-5 months post-infection.
  • Administered standardized questionnaires for psychological assessment.

Main Results:

  • Symptom prevalence decreased from 60% at onset to 22% at 3-5 months.
  • Common long COVID neurological symptoms included headache, fatigue, and anosmia.
  • Anxiety and PTSD were significantly associated with neurological symptoms in older children (6-18 years).

Conclusions:

  • Long COVID in children encompasses a range of psychological and cognitive issues.
  • Persistent symptoms can significantly impair the quality of life for children and adolescents.
  • Timely intervention is necessary to mitigate long-term consequences.
Abstract

Keywords:
CNS (central nervous system)COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019)SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2)adolescentschildrenlong-COVID syndromepediatricspsychological effects

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