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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.1K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.0K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.0K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.1K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
1.1K
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

997
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
997
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

9.1K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
9.1K
¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

1.9K
The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
1.9K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Chemical Synthesis of Porous Barium Titanate Thin Film and Thermal Stabilization of Ferroelectric Phase by Porosity-Induced Strain
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Coupling spin defects in hexagonal boron nitride to titanium dioxide ring resonators.

Milad Nonahal1, Chi Li1,2, Febiana Tjiptoharsono3

  • 1School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia. igor.aharonovich@uts.edu.au.

Nanoscale
|September 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-quality titanium dioxide ring resonators enhance light emission from negatively charged boron vacancies in 2D hexagonal boron nitride. This integration advances quantum technologies by improving spin defect detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics and photonics
  • Materials science of 2D materials
  • Solid-state spin defects

Background:

  • Spin-dependent optical transitions are crucial for quantum technologies.
  • Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) hosts promising spin defects like negatively charged boron vacancies (VB-).
  • Efficiently coupling light emission from these defects to optical cavities is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To utilize high-quality TiO2 ring resonators to enhance VB- emission in hBN.
  • To demonstrate efficient coupling of VB- emission into whispering gallery modes.
  • To explore the potential for quantum technology applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of high-quality titanium dioxide (TiO2) ring resonators.
  • Integration of hBN containing VB- defects with TiO2 ring resonators.
  • Optical characterization, including photoluminescence (PL) and optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR).

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated efficient coupling of VB- emission into the whispering gallery modes of TiO2 resonators.
  • Observed photoluminescence contrast in ODMR signals from the hybrid devices, confirming optical coupling.
  • Showcased enhanced emission from VB- defects facilitated by the resonators.

Conclusions:

  • Successfully integrated spin defects in 2D hBN with dielectric resonators.
  • This hybrid approach provides a practical method for enhancing and detecting spin defect signals.
  • The platform shows significant promise for advancing quantum technologies.