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Underestimating Counterparts' Learning Goals Impairs Conflictual Conversations.

Hanne K Collins1, Charles A Dorison2, Francesca Gino3

  • 1Organizational Behavior Unit, Harvard Business School, Harvard University.

Psychological Science
|September 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People often underestimate how willing those with opposing views are to learn. Believing otherwise can improve conflict conversations and reduce hostility, even in polarized political contexts.

Keywords:
affective polarizationattitude conflictconversationsgoalsopen dataopen materialspreregisteredself–other difference

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Conflict Resolution
  • Intergroup Relations

Background:

  • Difficulty engaging with opposing views is common in political and workplace conflicts.
  • Prior research focused on individual mindset changes (e.g., open-mindedness).
  • This study examines the impact of beliefs about counterparts' willingness to learn.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how beliefs about disagreeing counterparts' willingness to learn influence conflict dynamics.
  • To test an intervention aimed at correcting underestimations of counterpart willingness to learn.
  • To explore the role of situational factors in conflict resolution.

Main Methods:

  • Seven preregistered studies with 2,614 adult participants.
  • Assessed participants' underestimation of disagreeing counterparts' willingness to learn.
  • Implemented an informational intervention in American partisan politics and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Main Results:

  • Participants consistently underestimated their disagreeing counterparts' willingness to learn.
  • Underestimation correlated with increased derogation of opponents and negative conversational expectations.
  • The intervention reduced derogation and increased future engagement willingness.

Conclusions:

  • Beliefs about counterparts' willingness to learn significantly impact conflict perception and behavior.
  • Correcting these underestimations offers a promising avenue for improving conflictual conversations.
  • Focusing on situational beliefs, rather than solely individual mindsets, can enhance conflict resolution strategies.