Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Light-driven Molecular Motors on Surfaces for Single Molecular Imaging
Published on: March 13, 2019
Recent Advances in Fuel-Driven Molecular Switches and Machines
Renitta Benny1, Diptiprava Sahoo1, Ajith George1
1School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Thiruvananthapuram, 695551, India.
Abstract:
The molecular switches and machines arena has entered a new phase in which molecular machines operate under out-of-equilibrium conditions using appropriate fuel. Unlike the equilibrium version, the dissipative off-equilibrium machines necessitate only one stimulus input to complete each cycle and decrease chemical waste. Such a modus operandi would set significant steps towards mimicking the natural machines and may offer a platform for advancing new applications by providing temporal control. This review summarises the recent progress and blueprint of autonomous fuel-driven off-equilibrium molecular switches and machines.
Related Concept Videos
ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and...
Batteries and Fuel Cells
Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins
MOSFET: Enhancement Mode
In their basic form, enhancement-mode MOSFETs are typically non-conductive when the gate-source voltage (Vgs) is zero. This default 'off' state means no...
Energy to Drive Translocation
Generally, polypeptides are unfolded by two distinct...
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

