Draft genome assemblies of four manakins

Area of Science:

• Avian genomics
• Evolutionary biology
• Sexual selection research

Background:

• Manakins are small passerine birds known for complex courtship behaviors and non-monogamous mating systems.
• Their distinct sexual dimorphism and mating strategies make them valuable models for studying sexual selection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To generate high-quality de novo genome assemblies for four manakin species.
• To provide genomic resources for understanding the evolution of sexual selection and other traits in manakins.

Main Methods:

• Utilized Single-tube Long Fragment Read (stLFR) technology for genome sequencing.
• Assembled and annotated genomes for Cryptopipo holochlora, Dixiphia pipra, Machaeropterus deliciosus, and Masius chrysopterus.
• Analyzed Z-linked sequences and identified a potential sex chromosome-autosome/PAR reversal.

Main Results:

• Genome sizes ranged from 1.10–1.19 Gb with significant contig N50 values.
• Annotated an average of 12,055 protein-coding genes per genome.
• Identified 75 Mb of Z-linked sequences, including a pseudoautosomal region, and found evidence of a potential sex chromosome rearrangement in Masius chrysopterus.

Conclusions:

• The generated de novo manakin genomes offer crucial resources for evolutionary and sexual selection studies.
• These genomes will facilitate deeper investigations into the genetic basis of manakin traits and evolutionary history.
• The identification of Z-linked sequences and potential sex chromosome evolution provides novel avenues for research.