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[Neuropsychological development of human immunodeficiency virus-exposed uninfected infants/young children]

Wei Xia1, Jia-Rui Zheng, Min Zheng

  • 1Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650051, China.

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
|September 16, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Maternal HIV infection is linked to developmental delays in hearing, language, and performance in infants born to HIV-infected mothers. Further research is needed to understand these effects on human immunodeficiency virus-exposed but uninfected (HEU) children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in mothers can potentially impact infant development.
  • Understanding the neurodevelopmental outcomes in HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) infants is crucial for early intervention.
  • Previous studies have indicated potential risks, but specific developmental domains require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the neurodevelopmental status of HEU infants and young children.
  • To determine the influence of maternal HIV infection on the neuropsychological development of HEU infants.
  • To compare developmental outcomes between HEU infants and HIV-unexposed, uninfected (HUU) controls.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study involving 141 HEU infants/young children (0-18 months) and 141 matched HUU controls in Yunnan Province, China.
  • Neuropsychological development was assessed using the Griffiths Development Scales-Chinese Edition across five domains.
  • Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors influencing development.

Main Results:

  • HEU infants showed significantly higher rates of developmental retardation in hearing and language, and performance domains compared to HUU controls (P<0.05).
  • Maternal HIV infection was associated with an increased risk of retardation in hearing and language (OR=2.661) and performance (OR=2.321).
  • These findings were statistically significant (P<0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Maternal HIV infection negatively impacts the development of hearing, language, and performance in HEU infants.
  • The study highlights the need for targeted developmental monitoring in HEU populations.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these developmental effects.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildHuman immunodeficiency virus-exposureNeuropsychological development

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