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Ocular Manifestations in Hematological Disorders
Mohamed Bouazza1, Houda Youssefi1, Nouama Bouanani2
1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, MAR.
Cureus
|September 19, 2022
Summary
Ocular manifestations are common in hematological malignancies, particularly leukemia and lymphoma. Regular eye exams are vital for early detection and management of these conditions and treatment side effects like dry eye disease.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Ophthalmic manifestations are common in hematological malignancies.
- These can result from direct disease infiltration or blood abnormalities.
- Understanding prevalence and associations is crucial for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of ocular manifestations in patients with hematological malignancies.
- To associate ocular findings with specific hematological disease subgroups.
- To highlight the importance of ophthalmic assessments in managing these patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective, observational study of 137 patients with hematological malignancies.
- Standardized and comprehensive ophthalmic evaluations were performed.
- Data collected from January 2016 to January 2020.
Main Results:
- Ocular involvement was most frequent in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), and multiple myeloma (MM).
- Leukemia patients showed a significantly higher rate of posterior segment lesions (p < 0.001).
- Dry eye disease was prevalent in all patients, irrespective of malignancy type.
Conclusions:
- Ocular pathology awareness is critical, potentially preceding diagnosis or indicating recurrence.
- Treatment side effects, especially dry eye disease, require attention.
- Periodic ophthalmic assessment and interdisciplinary care improve outcomes.
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