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Multiple Long-Term Conditions (MLTC) and the Environment: A Scoping Review
Hajira Dambha-Miller1, Sukhmani Cheema1, Nile Saunders2
1Primary Care Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 5ST, UK.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|September 23, 2022
Summary
Environmental factors impact multiple long-term conditions (MLTC). Quality housing, air quality, and neighborhood green spaces show correlations with MLTC risk, but more research is needed.
Area of Science:
- Public Health and Environmental Science
- Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases
Background:
- Multiple Long-Term Conditions (MLTC) present a significant healthcare challenge, driving high service utilization and costs.
- The progression of MLTC involves increased condition severity, hospital admissions, social care needs, and mortality, influenced by multifactorial elements.
- The impact of broader environmental determinants on the sequelae of MLTC remains inadequately understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize existing evidence on the relationship between environmental determinants and established MLTC.
- To identify specific environmental factors associated with the development or exacerbation of multiple long-term health conditions.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a comprehensive literature search across major databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, BASE) and grey literature.
- Searched from database inception up to June 4, 2022.
- Employed independent screening and data extraction by two authors, with a third author resolving any discrepancies.
Main Results:
- The review identified 12 studies meeting inclusion criteria from 9079 initially retrieved articles.
- Correlations were found between certain environmental determinants and varying risks of MLTC.
- Positive associations included internal housing quality and exposure to airborne hazards, while greener, socially cohesive, and accessible neighborhoods showed beneficial effects.
Conclusions:
- The reviewed literature predominantly focused on the built and social environmental aspects of MLTC.
- There is a significant gap in the evidence regarding the role of various environmental determinants in MLTC.
- Further research is crucial to fully elucidate the complex interplay between environmental factors and multiple long-term conditions.
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