Research on the Corrosion Behavior of Q235 Pipeline Steel in an Atmospheric Environment through Experiment

Low-carbon steel pipelines are frequently used as transport pipelines for various media. As the pipeline transport industry continues to develop in extreme directions, such as high efficiency, long life, and large pipe diameters, the issue of pipeline reliability is becoming increasingly prominent. This study selected Q235 steel, a typical material for low-carbon steel pipelines, as the research object. In accordance with the pipeline service environment and the accelerated corrosion environment test spectrum, cyclic salt spray accelerated corrosion tests that simulated the effects of the marine atmosphere were designed and implemented. Corrosion properties, such as corrosion weight loss, morphology, and product composition of samples with different cycles, were characterized through appearance inspection, scanning electron microscopy analysis, and energy spectrum analysis. The corrosion behavior and mechanism of Q235 low-carbon steel in the enhanced corrosion environment were studied, and the corrosion weight loss kinetics of Q235 steel was verified to conform to the power function law. During the corrosion process, the passivation film on the surface of the low-carbon steel and the dense and stable α-FeOOH layer formed after the passivation film was peeled off played a role in corrosion resistance. The passivation effect, service life, and service limit of Q235 steel were studied and determined, and an evaluation model for quick evaluation of the corrosion life of Q235 low-carbon steel was established. This work provides technical support to improve the life and reliability of low-carbon steel pipelines. It also offers a theoretical basis for further research on the similitude and relevance of cyclic salt spray accelerated corrosion testing.