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Updated: Aug 27, 2025

A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation

A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation

Published on: December 9, 2021

Engineering physical microenvironments to study innate immune cell biophysics.

Nikita Kalashnikov¹, Christopher Moraes

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada.

APL Bioengineering

|September 26, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Engineering tools offer new ways to understand innate immunity, the body's first defense. Studying the physical properties of immune cells, like their movement and eating, can reveal how they work and lead to new treatments.

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Area of Science:

Biophysics
Immunology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Innate immunity is crucial for defense, homeostasis, and repair, but dysregulation can cause disease.
Innate immune cells interact with their physical environment and perform mechanical actions like migration and phagocytosis.
A comprehensive biophysical description of innate immunity is currently lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the application of engineering tools in studying innate immune cell biophysics.
To provide a biophysical perspective on innate immunity and its influencing factors.
To explore innate immune cell biophysics concerning migration, phagocytosis, and phenotype polarization.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on engineering tools and biophysical studies of innate immunity.
Analysis of biophysical factors affecting the innate immune system.
Examination of innate immune cell behaviors (migration, phagocytosis, polarization) through a biophysical lens.

Main Results:

Engineering tools enable the design of physical microenvironments to probe innate immune responses.
Biophysical insights enhance the understanding of innate immune cell functions.
Physical microenvironments significantly influence innate immune cell behavior and function.

Conclusions:

Biophysical studies using engineering tools provide a deeper understanding of innate immunity.
This insight can lead to the development of novel mechanical immune biomarkers.
Biophysical understanding may pave the way for new immunomodulatory therapies.