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Particle Agglutination Method for Poliovirus Identification
Published on: April 20, 2011
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Progress toward poliomyelitis eradication in Kano State, Nigeria, 2010 - 2017
Suleiman Haladu Ahmed1, Patrick Nguku1, Saheed Oluwatoyin Gidado1
1Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria.
The Pan African Medical Journal
|September 26, 2022
Summary
Kano State significantly reduced Wild Polio Virus (WPV) cases, detecting none since 2015. Continued high-quality immunization and surveillance are crucial for polio eradication in Nigeria.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Disease Control
Background:
- Kano State, Nigeria, was a significant source of Wild Polio Virus (WPV) cases nationally until 2015.
- In 2009, Kano State reported 168 WPV cases, representing a substantial portion of the national total.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the progress of polio eradication efforts in Kano State, Nigeria.
- To analyze trends in Wild Polio Virus (WPV) and circulating Vaccine Derived Polio Virus (cVDPV2) cases.
- To assess the impact of Routine Immunization (RI) and Supplementary Immunization Activities (SIAs) on polio reduction.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive review of Routine Immunization (RI) data from 2010-2017 using the District Vaccine Data Management Tool (DVD-MT) and District Health Information System (DHIS2).
- Review of Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) and Supplementary Immunization Activities (SIAs) data for Kano State from 2010-2017.
- Analysis of reported Wild Polio Virus (WPV) cases by serotype.
Main Results:
- A total of 65 confirmed WPV cases were reported in Kano State between 2010 and 2017, predominantly WPV1 (89%).
- WPV cases decreased from 2012, with no new cases detected since 2015.
- During the same period, 23 circulating Vaccine Derived Polio Virus type 2 (cVDPV2) cases were reported, alongside 61 SIAs.
Conclusions:
- Kano State has demonstrated significant progress in polio eradication.
- Sustained high-quality RI, SIAs, and AFP surveillance are essential to prevent re-importation.
- Continued vigilance is necessary to maintain polio-free status, especially considering outbreaks in neighboring regions.
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