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Air leaks in COVID-19.

Deven Juneja1, Sahil Kataria2, Omender Singh2

  • 1Institute of Critical Care Medicine, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi 110017, India. devenjuneja@gmail.com.

World Journal of Virology
|September 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

COVID-19 patients frequently experience respiratory air leaks, which can worsen their condition. Early diagnosis and management are crucial due to potential high morbidity and mortality.

Keywords:
Air leakCOVID-19PneumomediastinumPneumothoraxSARS-CoV-2Subcutaneous emphysema

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) significantly impacts the respiratory system.
  • Air leaks are a common and serious complication in COVID-19 patients.
  • These air leaks can occur irrespective of disease severity or traditional risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the incidence and implications of air leaks in COVID-19.
  • To emphasize the need for early diagnosis and management of these complications.
  • To discuss potential pathophysiology and treatment strategies for COVID-19-associated air leaks.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with air leaks.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to air leak development.
  • Evaluation of management approaches, including conservative care, drainage, and surgery.

Main Results:

  • A high incidence of air leaks is observed in COVID-19, often leading to acute clinical deterioration.
  • Air leaks can be asymptomatic and may manifest weeks to months after initial infection.
  • Management varies from conservative monitoring to intercostal drainage or surgical intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Air leaks are a significant respiratory complication of COVID-19, associated with high morbidity and mortality.
  • A high index of suspicion is necessary for early detection and intervention.
  • While conservative management is possible, many patients require interventions like chest drainage.