The first imported case of monkeypox in Taiwan

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Epidemiology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• The global emergence of monkeypox (MPX) necessitates understanding its transmission dynamics and clinical presentations in new regions.
• Imported cases pose a significant challenge for public health surveillance and control efforts.

Observation:

• The first imported monkeypox case in Taiwan was identified in an individual returning from Germany.
• The patient presented with atypical symptoms, including asynchronous skin lesions, anogenital lesions, and significant inguinal lymphadenopathy.
• Co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection was noted.

Findings:

• Genomic sequencing revealed the Taiwan monkeypox virus strain belongs to the West African clade B.1, consistent with strains circulating in Europe.
• The epidemiological link to Germany suggests international travel as a key factor in viral dissemination.

Implications:

• Early detection and rapid implementation of infection control measures are critical for preventing further monkeypox spread.
• This case underscores the importance of robust diagnostic capabilities and public health preparedness for emerging infectious diseases.
• Understanding atypical presentations is crucial for clinicians managing potential monkeypox cases, especially in co-infected individuals.