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Metaplastic Breast Cancer: Characteristics and Survival Outcomes.

Bicky Thapa1, Salome Arobelidze2, Bernadette A Clark3

  • 1Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.

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|October 3, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is a rare and aggressive breast cancer subtype. This study found that advanced stage, poor performance status, and metastasis to the brain or lungs are linked to worse survival outcomes for MBC patients.

Keywords:
chemotherapyecoghistologyhormone receptorsmastectomymetaplastic breast cancermetastasisprognosisradiationtriple negative

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is a rare malignant neoplasm, comprising less than 1% of all breast cancer diagnoses.
  • Understanding the clinical characteristics and survival of MBC is crucial due to its aggressive nature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical features and survival outcomes of patients diagnosed with metaplastic breast cancer.
  • To identify prognostic factors influencing overall survival and progression-free survival in MBC.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of 136 patients with pathologically confirmed MBC from an institutional database (2000-2017).
  • Analysis included patient demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment modalities, and survival data (overall survival and progression-free survival).
  • Multivariable analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of survival.

Main Results:

  • The median age at diagnosis was 60 years, with 60% diagnosed at stage II and 22% at stage III.
  • Two-thirds of patients were triple-negative, 93% had grade III tumors, and 25% showed lymphovascular invasion.
  • The most common subtypes were squamous (29%) and spindle (21%). Distant metastases occurred most frequently in the lung (22%) and bone (13%).
  • Five-year overall survival was 69% and five-year progression-free survival was 61%.
  • Advanced stage (III), poor functional status (ECOG score ≥2), and metastasis to the brain or lung were significant predictors of decreased overall survival.

Conclusions:

  • Metaplastic breast cancer exhibits early disease progression and generally poor overall survival.
  • Stage, decreased performance status, and distant metastasis to the lung and brain are independent adverse prognostic factors for MBC.
  • Further research into targeted therapies and treatment strategies for MBC is warranted.