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Community-based interventions in mental health represent a paradigm shift from institution-centered care to treatments embedded within the fabric of local communities. By prioritizing inclusion and leveraging existing societal structures, this approach fosters a supportive environment conducive to addressing mental health challenges while promoting individual dignity and agency.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2025

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The Links Between Disability, Incarceration, And Social Exclusion.

Laurin Bixby1, Stacey Bevan2, Courtney Boen3

  • 1Laurin Bixby (lbixby@sas.upenn.edu), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

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Summary

Disabled individuals are disproportionately incarcerated, with 66% of prisoners reporting a disability. Findings highlight the need for policy interventions to address the high incarceration risks and disabling nature of carceral institutions.

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Area of Science:

  • Criminology
  • Public Health
  • Disability Studies

Background:

  • Disabled individuals face disproportionate incarceration and societal exclusion.
  • The relationship between disability and incarceration is underexplored, hindering understanding of carceral impacts on disabled populations.
  • Carceral institutions contribute to the social exclusion of disabled people.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate disability prevalence in state and federal prisons using 2016 Survey of Prison Inmates data.
  • To assess racial, ethnic, and sex disparities in disability prevalence among incarcerated individuals.
  • To examine inequities in previous institutional residence among disabled incarcerated people.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the 2016 Survey of Prison Inmates data.
  • Estimation of disability prevalence within state and federal prison populations.
  • Examination of prior institutionalization (e.g., juvenile detention, psychiatric hospitals).

Main Results:

  • Sixty-six percent of incarcerated individuals reported a disability.
  • Black, Hispanic, and multiracial disabled men were overrepresented in prisons.
  • Disabled incarcerated individuals were more likely than non-disabled individuals to have prior institutional residence.

Conclusions:

  • Findings advance understanding of disability within carceral settings.
  • Policy interventions are needed to address high incarceration risks for disabled people.
  • Prisons and other carceral institutions have disabling effects on individuals.