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The Association Between State-Issued Mask Mandates and County COVID-19 Hospitalization Rates
Christopher Dunphy1, Heesoo Joo, Mathew R P Sapiano
1COVID-19 Response (Drs Dunphy, Joo, Howard-Williams, McCord, Sunshine, Kao, Guy, Weber, and Ekwueme) and Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion (Dr Sapiano), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Lantana Consulting Group, Thetford, Vermont (Dr Sapiano); and School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada (Dr Gakh).
Journal of Public Health Management and Practice : JPHMP
|October 4, 2022
Summary
State mask mandates significantly reduced COVID-19 hospitalizations and eased healthcare burdens. Reinstating these measures, especially in indoor public spaces, can help control virus spread and manage future surges.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Disease Control
Background:
- Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) like mask mandates are crucial for controlling viral spread.
- The effectiveness of mask mandates against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) requires ongoing evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the association between state-issued mask mandates and COVID-19 hospitalizations.
- To analyze hospitalization trends at county and hospital referral region (HRR) levels.
Main Methods:
- Utilized difference-in-difference and event study models.
- Analyzed US county-level data on mask mandates and COVID-19 hospitalizations from April to December 2020.
Main Results:
- State mask mandates correlated with an average decrease of 3.6 daily COVID-19 hospitalizations per 100,000 people.
- A 1.2-percentage-point reduction in county bed occupancy by COVID-19 patients was observed within 70 days.
- The positive impact of mask mandates increased with their duration in effect.
Conclusions:
- State mask mandates were associated with reduced COVID-19 hospitalizations during the early pandemic.
- Reimposing mask mandates in indoor public areas may mitigate COVID-19 spread and reduce healthcare system strain, particularly with new variants.
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