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Dental Screening Including Panoramic Radiograph for Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome in Patients With Multiple Basal Cell
Poramate Pitak-Arnnop1, Levyn Kay Witohendro2, Chatpong Tangmanee3
161061 Faculty of Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, and Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Plastic Surgery, UKGM GmbH, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery
|October 7, 2022
Summary
Panoramic radiographs can help diagnose Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) in patients with multiple basal cell carcinomas (mBCCs) by identifying jaw cysts, particularly in younger patients or those with numerous or high-risk BCCs.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Radiology
- Genetics
Background:
- Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) is a rare genetic disorder associated with multiple basal cell carcinomas (mBCCs) and other developmental abnormalities.
- Early diagnosis of GGS is crucial for managing associated risks, including various cancers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if panoramic radiography (PaR) can aid in diagnosing Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) among patients presenting with multiple basal cell carcinomas (mBCCs).
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study was conducted on 527 patients with mBCCs at a German tertiary care center (2015-2021).
- The study analyzed the association between syndromic mBCCs and the presence of jaw cysts, specifically odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs), using descriptive and multivariate statistics.
- Diagnostic test evaluation and number needed to screen (NNS) were calculated.
Main Results:
- The study found a significant association between syndromic mBCCs and jaw cysts (P < .0001; NNS = 2).
- Panoramic radiography (PaR) was effective in identifying GGS through jaw cyst detection in patients ≤35 years, with ≥5 BCCs, or ≥1 high-risk BCCs.
- Nearly all identified jaw cysts were OKCs (P = .01), with a high diagnostic accuracy.
Conclusions:
- Dental screening using panoramic radiography (PaR) can be a valuable tool for detecting Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) in patients with multiple basal cell carcinomas (mBCCs).
- PaR is particularly useful for identifying GGS in younger patients (≤35 years) or those with multiple (≥5) or high-risk basal cell carcinomas, by recognizing odontogenic keratocysts.
