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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

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Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
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Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
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Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
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Long Non-Coding RNAs: Tools for Understanding and Targeting Cancer Pathways.

Gaurav Kumar Pandey1, Chandrasekhar Kanduri2

  • 1Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.

Cancers
|October 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate cellular processes and are implicated in cancer. This review explores their role in oncogenesis, determining if they drive or inhibit tumor development independently or with other genes.

Keywords:
cancerlong non-coding RNAnon-coding RNAoncogenestumor suppressors

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recognized regulators of cellular functions including growth, development, and differentiation.
  • Their dysregulation is increasingly linked to various human diseases, particularly cancer.
  • The precise role of lncRNAs in cancer initiation and progression, as drivers or suppressors, requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review well-characterized lncRNAs involved in oncogenesis.
  • To assess the extent of their decisive contribution to tumor development.
  • To investigate whether lncRNAs can independently initiate neoplastic lesions or require modulation of known oncogenes/tumor suppressors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of established lncRNAs in cancer.
  • Analysis of their association with clinical outcomes.
  • Discussion of emerging genetic and model system approaches for functional dissection.

Main Results:

  • Numerous lncRNAs show significant associations with clinical outcomes in cancer patients.
  • The independent oncogenic or tumor-suppressive capacity of lncRNAs is still under investigation.
  • Emerging evidence suggests complex interactions between lncRNAs and canonical cancer pathways.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs play a critical regulatory role in cancer development and progression.
  • Further research using advanced genetic and model systems is essential to fully understand lncRNA functions in oncogenesis.
  • Elucidating lncRNA roles could reveal novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.