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Coping with Secondary Traumatic Stress.

Maša Vukčević Marković1,2, Marko Živanović1,2,3

  • 1Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.

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Professionals working with refugees can experience secondary traumatization (STS). Avoidant and passive coping strategies worsen STS symptoms, while problem-focused coping helps mitigate them.

Keywords:
coping mechanismsprofessionals working with refugeessecondary exposure to traumasecondary traumasecondary traumatic stress (STS)traumatic experience

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Trauma Studies
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • Secondary traumatization (STS) affects professionals exposed to others' trauma.
  • Limited evidence exists on mitigating STS in professionals working with refugees.
  • Refugee workers face unique secondary traumatic stress due to their work.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the coping mechanisms structure in professionals working with refugees.
  • To investigate the predictive power of coping strategies on secondary traumatization (STS).
  • To identify effective coping strategies for mitigating STS in this population.

Main Methods:

  • 288 professionals working with refugees completed the COPE Inventory and Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale.
  • Factor analysis identified four coping factors: Problem-focused, Socially supported emotion-focused, Avoidant, and Passive coping.
  • Regression analysis explored the relationship between coping factors and STS symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Coping mechanisms clustered into four factors, explaining 46.7% of the variance.
  • Avoidant and Passive coping positively predicted negative alterations in cognition, mood, and reactivity (NACMR) and other STS symptoms.
  • Problem-focused coping was associated with lower NACMR and avoidance.

Conclusions:

  • Coping strategies significantly influence secondary traumatization (STS) in professionals working with refugees.
  • Problem-focused coping appears protective, while avoidant and passive strategies are detrimental.
  • Findings support developing targeted interventions to promote adaptive coping and reduce STS.