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Recent Advances in Neuropsychological Outcomes and Intervention in Pediatric Stroke
Lauren S Krivitzky1, Robyn Westmacott2, Richard Boada3
1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine (L.S.K.).
Insights
Pediatric stroke survivors face ongoing challenges. This review details neuropsychological outcomes, rehabilitation strategies, and future research directions for childhood stroke.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Neuropsychology
Background:
- Significant advances in treating childhood stroke have improved survival rates.
- Pediatric stroke survivors often experience long-term motor and neuropsychological deficits.
- Managing these sequelae throughout development is a key clinical challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current literature on neuropsychological outcomes in pediatric stroke.
- To discuss recent advances in functional neuroimaging, particularly for language.
- To examine cognitive and behavioral rehabilitation strategies and intervention models.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of pediatric stroke outcomes and treatments.
- Focus on neuroimaging advancements and their application to language deficits.
- Analysis of current rehabilitation research and intervention models.
Main Results:
- Pediatric stroke impacts intelligence, academics, language, visual-spatial skills, attention, executive functions, memory, and psychosocial function.
- Functional neuroimaging offers new insights into brain function and recovery.
- Evidence supports various cognitive and behavioral rehabilitation approaches.
Conclusions:
- Effective management of pediatric stroke requires addressing long-term neuropsychological sequelae.
- Continued research in neuroimaging and rehabilitation is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
- Future clinical practice and research should focus on integrated, developmental approaches.
Abstract:
Over the past 15 years, there have been significant advances in the treatment of acute and chronic medical consequences of stroke in childhood. Given high rates of survival in pediatric stroke, practitioners are tasked with treating the ongoing motor and neuropsychological sequelae in patients over the course of their development. This article provides a review of the current literature on neuropsychological outcomes in pediatric stroke, including intelligence, academics, language, visual-spatial skills, attention, executive functions, memory, and psychosocial function. Recent developments in functional neuroimaging are discussed, with a particular focus on language outcomes. We further review the current research on cognitive and behavioral rehabilitation and introduce intervention models in pediatric stroke. In the final section, we discuss future directions for clinical practice and research in pediatric stroke.
