Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Efficient Transfection of In vitro Transcribed mRNA in Cultured Cells Using Peptide-Poloxamine Nanoparticles
Published on: August 17, 2022
COVID-19 Booster Vaccine: is it an absolute need?
1Department of Internal Medicine, Gandaki Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal.
Abstract:
Booster vaccine doses are meant to revive the fading immunity created by prior exposure to an immunizing antigen. They stabilize the antibody response ultimately leading to longer and higher protection against pathogens. Immunological studies done for COVID-19 vaccines have documented a steady decrease in antibody levels among vaccinated individuals and evidence of breakthrough infections over a course of time. With an emerging science behind the need for COVID-19 vaccine booster shots, there equally is a contrasting idea regarding its absolute necessity.
Related Concept Videos
Vaccinations
Immunological Memory
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
Cancer Vaccines
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Development of Immunocompetence
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
Immunodeficiency Diseases
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

