Assessment of Resorbable and Non-resorbable Fixation Systems in Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy: An In vitro Study
Davani Latarullo Costa1, Alexandre Machado Torres1, Isabela Polesi Bergamaschi2
1Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department at Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil.
Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery
|October 24, 2022
Summary
This study compared fixation methods for sagittal split osteotomy (SSO). Two titanium miniplates offered the best resistance, while resorbable plates showed similar performance to titanium in common postoperative displacements.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Orthodontic Research
Background:
- Internal fixation methods for bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSO) lack a consensus regarding optimal plate fixation resistance.
- Evaluating different osteosynthesis techniques is crucial for improving surgical outcomes in mandibular advancement procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the mechanical resistance of five distinct osteosynthesis methods using resorbable and non-resorbable plates in simulated sagittal split osteotomy (SSO).
- To compare the efficacy of various fixation techniques under simulated biomechanical stress relevant to BSSO.
Main Methods:
- Simulated SSO was performed on 25 polyurethane mandibular replicas with a 5 mm anterior segment displacement.
- Five fixation groups were tested: Inion resorbable, KLS resorbable, standard single titanium miniplate, double standard titanium miniplates, and an adjustable titanium miniplate.
- Mechanical evaluation involved compression loading to the first molar using a universal testing machine, with resistance forces measured in Newtons.
Main Results:
- Fixation with two standard titanium miniplates demonstrated superior resistance to SSO.
- The KLS resorbable plate exhibited the least resistance among the tested methods.
- Both titanium and resorbable plates showed comparable performance during small displacements, typical of postoperative BSSO scenarios.
Conclusions:
- Both resorbable and non-resorbable fixation systems can provide adequate mechanical resistance for SSO procedures.
- The choice of fixation method should consider the expected biomechanical demands and potential for postoperative complications.
