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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

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Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
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Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
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Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

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Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

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Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
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Updated: Aug 24, 2025

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
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Aging and hypertension in kidney function decline: A 10 year population-based study.

David A Jaques1, Peter Vollenweider2, Murielle Bochud3

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|October 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Aging accelerates kidney function decline, particularly in hypertensive individuals. This study reveals that hypertension significantly worsens age-related kidney function loss in the general population.

Keywords:
agingeGFRhypertensionkidney functionpopulation

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Gerontology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Kidney function naturally declines with age.
  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk factors, especially hypertension (HT), are prevalent in aging populations.
  • Understanding the interplay between aging, kidney function decline (KFD), and HT is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the rate of age-related kidney function decline (KFD) in the general population.
  • To investigate the impact of age on KFD, considering hypertension (HT) as a modifying factor.
  • To elucidate the role of HT in exacerbating age-associated kidney function changes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a Swiss general population cohort with a 10-year follow-up.
  • Calculation of KFD based on changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
  • Multivariate linear regression models to assess age and HT effects on KFD.

Main Results:

  • A total of 4,163 participants (mean age 52.2) were analyzed, with 70% experiencing eGFR decline.
  • KFD was non-linearly associated with age, with older individuals showing faster decline.
  • A significant interaction between age and HT was observed; KFD worsened with age only in hypertensive participants.

Conclusions:

  • Physiological kidney function decline (KFD) occurs with aging in the general population.
  • Older age is independently associated with a faster rate of KFD.
  • Hypertension significantly exacerbates age-related kidney function decline, highlighting its pathological role.