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Benign prostatic hyperplasia in the dog.

Marco Cunto1, Giulia Ballotta1, Daniele Zambelli1

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Canine prostatic diseases, especially benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), are common in intact adult dogs. Early diagnosis and alternative therapies can help maintain fertility in affected breeding dogs.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Canine Urology

Background:

  • Prostatic diseases are increasingly diagnosed in small animal practice, affecting all dogs but particularly breeding males.
  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common condition, characterized by non-cancerous enlargement due to hyperplasia and hypertrophy, linked to aging in intact adult dogs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis and management of canine prostatic diseases.
  • To emphasize the impact of prostatic disease on fertility and discuss fertility-preserving treatment options for BPH.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on canine prostatic diseases.
  • Discussion of clinical signs, diagnostic protocols, and therapeutic strategies for BPH and other prostatic conditions.

Main Results:

  • BPH is the most frequent prostatic disease in intact adult dogs, often asymptomatic but can cause urethral discharge.
  • Other prostatic diseases include prostatitis, abscesses, neoplasia, and squamous metaplasia, often lacking specific clinical signs.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis through thorough examination and appropriate protocols is crucial for effective treatment of canine prostatic diseases.
  • Therapeutic options for BPH exist that can manage clinical signs and preserve fertility in breeding dogs, avoiding castration.