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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
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Disseminated histiocytic sarcoma in a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus).

Masashi Sakurai1, Yukihiro Yamamoto1, Masae Tamaru2

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A rare histiocytic sarcoma case occurred in a squirrel monkey. This finding contributes to understanding this cancer in non-human primates.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Comparative Oncology

Background:

  • Histiocytic sarcoma is an aggressive malignancy of myeloid origin.
  • Non-human primates serve as valuable models for human diseases.

Observation:

  • A 14-year-old squirrel monkey presented with generalized weakness.
  • Post-mortem examination revealed multifocal neoplastic growths in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow.

Findings:

  • Histopathological analysis identified oval neoplastic cells with severe atypia.
  • Immunohistochemistry confirmed the cells expressed histiocytic markers (Iba1, HLA-DR, CD204).
  • This represents the fourth documented case of histiocytic sarcoma in non-human primates.

Implications:

  • This case adds to the limited data on histiocytic sarcoma in non-human primates.
  • Further research may elucidate the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets for this rare cancer.
  • Understanding such conditions in primates can inform comparative oncology studies.