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Related Concept Videos

Herpes01:28

Herpes

Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Genital Herpes01:23

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...

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Differentiation of the SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cell Line
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Human Herpesvirus-6 Encephalitis.

Stijn Marcelis1, Stephanie Vanden Bossche1, Sven Dekeyzer2

  • 1UZA, BE.

Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology
|October 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) encephalitis is a complication to consider in patients with neurological symptoms post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. It typically presents with symmetrical limbic system involvement on imaging.

Keywords:
HHV-6HSEMRIencephalitisstem cell transplantation

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Area of Science:

  • Neurovirology
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Background:

  • Neurological complications are a significant concern following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for managing post-transplant complications.

Observation:

  • This teaching point highlights Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) encephalitis as a specific entity.
  • Patients present with neurological symptoms after HSCT.

Findings:

  • HHV6 encephalitis characteristically involves symmetrical regions of the limbic system.
  • This pattern can aid in differential diagnosis.

Implications:

  • Recognizing HHV6 encephalitis is vital for timely treatment initiation.
  • Understanding the typical imaging findings can improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes in HSCT recipients.