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Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Implementation of a Reference Interferometer for Nanodetection

Implementation of a Reference Interferometer for Nanodetection

Published on: April 26, 2014

Superfluid helium nanoscope insert with millimeter working range.

Naoki Kamiya¹, Kazuki Kuramoto¹, Kento Takishima¹

¹Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|November 1, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel superfluid helium insert enables stable cryogenic microscopy of large samples. This cryogenic microscopy insert achieves nanometer-level precision for millimeter-sized specimens at 1.8 K.

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Area of Science:

Cryogenics
Microscopy
Biophysics

Background:

Cryogenic microscopy requires precise sample positioning at low temperatures.
Millimeter-sized specimens present unique challenges for stable imaging in cryogenic environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a superfluid helium insert for stable cryogenic microscopy of millimeter-sized specimens.
To achieve high-precision sample stabilization within superfluid helium at 1.8 K.

Main Methods:

Designed and constructed a single-component insert integrating an optical-interferometric position sensor, cryogenic objective mirror, and piezo-driven cryogenic stage.
Immersed the insert in superfluid helium at 1.8 K for sample stabilization.
Utilized the insert to image millimeter-sized cell nuclei fluorescence.

Main Results:

Achieved exceptional three-dimensional sample position stabilization with root-mean-square deviations of 0.33 nm (x), 0.29 nm (y), and 0.25 nm (z).
Enabled a large working range of 5 mm (x, y) and 3 mm (z) under active stabilization in superfluid helium.
Successfully obtained millimeter-sized fluorescence images of cell nuclei at 1.8 K without sample exchange.

Conclusions:

The superfluid helium insert provides unprecedented stability and working range for cryogenic microscopy of large samples.
This technology facilitates high-resolution imaging of biological specimens at cryogenic temperatures without compromising sample integrity or position.