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Development and Validation of the Disclosure Expectancy Scale.

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  • 1University of Wyoming, Laramie, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding trauma survivors' motivation to disclose experiences is key for recovery. The new Disclosure Expectancy Scale (DExS) measures expectations about sharing, predicting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) severity.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Trauma Studies
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Disclosure of trauma is linked to recovery, but individual differences in disclosure motivation are understudied.
  • Understanding survivors' expectations regarding risks and benefits of disclosure is crucial for effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate the Disclosure Expectancy Scale (DExS) for assessing survivors' expectations about disclosing traumatic experiences.
  • To examine the validity and predictive utility of the DExS in diverse trauma-exposed populations.

Main Methods:

  • Developed DExS items based on existing research and clinical experience.
  • Conducted preliminary analyses with trauma-exposed undergraduates (N=359) to assess scale validity.
  • Evaluated the DExS in help-seeking military personnel (N=35) and examined its correlation with clinical measures.

Main Results:

  • Preliminary analyses supported hypothesized positive and negative expectancy dimensions for the DExS, demonstrating convergent and discriminant validity.
  • Further validation in military personnel showed correlations with relevant clinical measures.
  • Initial disclosure expectancies predicted post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) severity after treatment, indicating predictive validity.

Conclusions:

  • The Disclosure Expectancy Scale (DExS) is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring trauma survivors' expectations about disclosure.
  • DExS scores can predict PTSD severity, offering valuable insights for tailoring trauma-focused treatments and interventions.