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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

187
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
187
Narcolepsy01:07

Narcolepsy

179
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
179
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

340
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
340
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

207
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
207
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

138
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
138
Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking01:17

Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking

264
Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
264

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 22, 2025

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Sleep in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Narrative Review and Systematic Update.

A J Schwichtenberg1, Amy Janis1, Alex Lindsay1

  • 1Department of Human Development and Family Studies at Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.

Current Sleep Medicine Reports
|November 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Sleep problems are common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Recent research confirms historic patterns, focusing on prevalence, treatments, correlates, and family impact, with emerging work on early markers.

Keywords:
ActigraphyAutismCircadianReviewSleep

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Sleep disturbances are a frequent comorbidity in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
  • Research on sleep and ASD has a long history, evolving over decades.
  • Understanding sleep patterns is crucial for addressing challenges in ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review historic patterns in sleep and ASD research.
  • To systematically update and code recent studies (2018-2021) based on these patterns.
  • To identify key research areas and future directions in ASD sleep studies.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a systematic literature review of empirical studies published between 2018 and 2021.
  • Included studies with terms for sleep and ASD in the title, keywords, or abstract.
  • Coded 60 selected studies based on alignment with historic research patterns.

Main Results:

  • Most recent studies align with historic research trends in sleep and ASD.
  • Key research areas include prevalence, treatment, correlates, and family impact.
  • Notable trends include increased global representation, COVID-19 impact studies, and sleep as an early ASD marker.

Conclusions:

  • Continued expansion of global and age representation in samples is recommended.
  • Future research should prioritize treatment and implementation science.
  • Further studies are needed to understand the mechanistic links between sleep and ASD.