Targeting strategies for modulating pre-mRNA splicing with small molecules: Recent advances

The concept of using small molecules to therapeutically modulate pre-mRNA splicing was validated with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of Evrysdi® (risdiplam) in 2020. Since then, efforts have continued unabated toward the discovery of new splicing-modulating drugs. However, the drug development world has evolved in the 10 years since risdiplam precursors were first identified in high-throughput screening (HTS). Now, new mechanistic insights into RNA-processing pathways and regulatory networks afford increasingly feasible targeted approaches. In this review, organized into classes of biological target, we compile and summarize small molecules discovered, devised, and developed since 2020 to alter pre-mRNA splicing.