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Infantile Sweet syndrome following MMRV vaccine

Sapir Itzhaki Gabay1,2, Benzion Samueli2,3, Gidon Test4

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

Pediatric Dermatology
|November 14, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Infantile Sweet syndrome (SS), a rare condition, can occur shortly after the MMRV vaccine. This case suggests a potential link between the measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine and SS in infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dermatology
  • Vaccinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Sweet syndrome (SS), or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is uncommon in children, particularly infants.
  • Early recognition is crucial for prompt diagnosis and management of SS in neonates and infants.

Observation:

  • A neonate developed SS symptoms one day post-vaccination with the measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine.
  • Clinical presentation included characteristic skin lesions and fever consistent with SS.

Findings:

  • The temporal association suggests a possible causal relationship between the MMRV vaccine and the onset of infantile SS.
  • Neutrophilic infiltration of the dermis was confirmed histopathologically, supporting the diagnosis of SS.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering vaccine reactions in the differential diagnosis of infantile skin conditions.
  • Further research is warranted to investigate the potential immunologic mechanisms linking the MMRV vaccine to SS in infants.
  • Clinicians should be vigilant for SS following MMRV vaccination in the pediatric population.

Keywords:
MMRV vaccineSweet syndromeacute febrile neutrophilic dermatosishypersensitivity reactionvaccine-induced skin reaction

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