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Menstrual and Reproductive Factors in Association With Breast Cancer Risk in Vietnamese Women: A Case-Control Study.

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Menstrual and reproductive factors like early menarche and later menopause increase breast cancer risk in Vietnamese women. Conversely, having more than two children reduces risk, particularly for premenopausal women and certain subtypes.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Menstrual and reproductive factors are linked to breast cancer risk globally.
  • Limited research exists on these associations in Vietnamese women.
  • Breast cancer incidence is rising in Vietnam, necessitating local studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between menstrual and reproductive factors and breast cancer risk.
  • To analyze these associations across different breast cancer subtypes.
  • To provide insights relevant to the Vietnamese population.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective case-control study was conducted in Northern Vietnam.
  • Included 490 breast cancer cases and 468 controls.
  • Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Main Results:

  • Earlier age at menarche (<13 years) increased risk for premenopausal women and luminal A breast cancer.
  • Later menopause was associated with higher risk for HER2-overexpressing breast cancer.
  • Having more than two children reduced risk for premenopausal, luminal B, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Conclusions:

  • Findings align with international studies, particularly for premenopausal women and luminal A subtypes.
  • Changes in menstrual and reproductive patterns may contribute to rising breast cancer incidence in Vietnam.
  • Further research can inform targeted prevention strategies.