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Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder
Published on: May 2, 2025
Fire and Darkness: On the Assessment and Management of Bipolar Disorder
Katerina Nikolitch1, Gayatri Saraf2, Marco Solmi3
1Department of Psychiatry, The University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 400, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Institute for Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract:
Bipolar disorder is characterized by recurrent mood episodes, affecting 1% to 2% of the population. Although its defining features are manic and hypomanic episodes, its course is dominated by depressive syndromes. Diagnosis can be challenging owing to symptom overlap with other disorders. Management goals include early and complete remission of acute episodes and the prevention of relapse between episodes. We present an overview of bipolar disorder and its subtypes, including algorithms and suggestions for screening, assessment, and treatment.
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