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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
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The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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CRISPR-Cas-Integrated LAMP.

Nazente Atçeken1, Defne Yigci2, Berin Ozdalgic1,3,4

  • 1Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey.

Biosensors
|November 24, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new diagnostic technology combines loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with CRISPR-Cas systems for rapid, accurate pathogen detection at the point-of-care (PoC). This approach enhances sensitivity and specificity for infectious disease diagnostics.

Keywords:
CRISPR/Cas combined LAMP technologyclustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated (CRISPR-Cas)loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)point-of-care (PoC) platform

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Biotechnology
  • Infectious Disease Detection

Background:

  • Point-of-care (PoC) diagnostic tests are crucial for combating infectious diseases.
  • Molecular techniques offer high accuracy and specificity but face challenges in PoC adaptation.
  • Existing limitations drive innovation in integrated molecular diagnostics for PoC applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advantages and limitations of combining loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with CRISPR-Cas technology for pathogen-specific PoC diagnostics.
  • To explore current challenges in developing CRISPR-combined LAMP for PoC platforms.
  • To highlight the need for microfabrication technologies to overcome limitations and enhance PoC diagnostic platforms.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with CRISPR-Cas technology.
  • Leveraging LAMP's efficiency, speed, and simplicity.
  • Utilizing CRISPR-Cas programmability and collateral cleavage for reporter detection.

Main Results:

  • The combined CRISPR/Cas-LAMP technology enables PoC diagnostic tests with high sensitivity, specificity, and ease of use.
  • This integrated approach overcomes the need for complex instrumentation.
  • The technology offers a promising new generation for pathogen detection.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR/Cas-combined LAMP technology presents a significant advancement for pathogen-specific PoC diagnostics.
  • Further development is needed to address limitations and optimize for widespread PoC use.
  • Microfabrication strategies are essential to reduce complexity and contamination risk in future PoC platforms.