Acquired Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Genetics
• Endocrinology

Background:

• Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is typically an inherited X-linked condition.
• Enzyme activity impairment can occur through biochemical inhibition, independent of genetic defects.
• Acquired G6PD deficiency presents phenotypically similar to the inherited form.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review clinical settings associated with acquired G6PD deficiency.
• To examine the biochemical mechanisms underlying acquired G6PD deficiency.
• To highlight the potential curability and clinical implications of acquired G6PD deficiency.

Main Methods:

• Narrative review of existing literature.
• Examination of clinical conditions causing acquired G6PD deficiency.
• Analysis of biochemical mechanisms of enzyme inhibition.

Main Results:

• Hyperaldosteronism and diabetes are common causes of acquired G6PD deficiency.
• Other endocrine and metabolic conditions can also lead to acquired G6PD deficiency.
• Acquired deficiency is potentially reversible upon removal of the causative factor.

Conclusions:

• Acquired G6PD deficiency is a distinct clinical entity from the inherited form.
• Physician awareness can improve recognition and management of acquired G6PD deficiency.
• Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause of enzyme inhibition.