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Increase in tropical cyclone rain rate with translation speed
Shifei Tu1,2,3, Johnny C L Chan4,5,6, Jianjun Xu7,8
1China Meteorological Administration-Guangdong Ocean University (CMA-GDOU) Joint Laboratory for Marine Meteorology & South China Sea Institute of Marine Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
Nature Communications
|November 28, 2022
Summary
Tropical cyclone (TC) rain rate increases with forward speed, with faster storms showing 24% higher rainfall. This effect is more pronounced in intense hurricanes, impacting rainfall forecasts and disaster preparedness.
Area of Science:
- Atmospheric Science
- Meteorology
- Tropical Cyclone Research
Background:
- Tropical cyclone (TC) rainfall accumulation typically decreases with faster translation speeds.
- The relationship between TC translation speed and its rain rate remains unclear.
- Understanding this relationship is crucial for accurate rainfall predictions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how tropical cyclone (TC) rain rate changes with translation speed across all ocean basins.
- To quantify the impact of translation speed on TC rain rate.
- To identify the underlying mechanisms driving these changes.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of global tropical cyclone datasets.
- Statistical examination of the correlation between TC translation speed and rain rate.
- Investigation of atmospheric dynamics, including inflow and vertical wind shear.
Main Results:
- A significant positive correlation was found between TC translation speed and average TC rain rate globally.
- Fast-moving TCs exhibit an average of 24% higher rain rates compared to slow-moving ones.
- The increase in rain rate with speed is more substantial for intense TCs (Category 3-5) than for tropical depressions.
Conclusions:
- TC rain rate consistently increases with translation speed across all basins.
- Lower tropospheric inflow and vertical wind shear are key factors influencing this relationship.
- Findings are vital for improving TC rainfall forecasts and enhancing disaster preparedness strategies.
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